JavaScript Basics – Beginner Friendly Tutorial

Introduction

JavaScript is the backbone of modern web development. This guide introduces beginner-friendly concepts, core syntax, and practical examples to help you start coding confidently.

JavaScript Fundamentals

Variables & Data Types

• var, let, const
• String, Number, Boolean, Object, Array

let name = "John";
const age = 25;
let isStudent = true;

Functions

• Function declarations & expressions
• Arrow functions

function greet(name) {
  return `Hello, ${name}!`;
}
const greetArrow = (name) => `Hi, ${name}!`;

Conditionals & Loops

• if/else, switch
• for, while, for-of loops

for(let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
  console.log(i);
}

Working with Arrays & Objects

• Array methods: push, pop, map, filter
• Object properties & methods

const fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"];
fruits.push("Mango");

const person = {
  name: "Alice",
  age: 30,
  greet() { console.log("Hello!"); }
};

DOM Manipulation

• Selecting elements
• Changing content & styles

const heading = document.querySelector("h1");
heading.textContent = "Hello JavaScript!";
heading.style.color = "blue";

Event Handling

• click, input, submit events

const button = document.querySelector("button");
button.addEventListener("click", () => {
  alert("Button clicked!");
});

Mini Project Example

• To-Do List App
• Add, delete, and mark tasks complete
• Practice DOM manipulation and arrays
• Live demo: View Demo

<input id="taskInput" placeholder="Add a task" />
<button id="addBtn">Add</button>
<ul id="taskList"></ul>

const addBtn = document.getElementById("addBtn");
const taskInput = document.getElementById("taskInput");
const taskList = document.getElementById("taskList");

addBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
  const li = document.createElement("li");
  li.textContent = taskInput.value;
  taskList.appendChild(li);
  taskInput.value = "";
});

Tips & Best Practices

• Always use let and const over var
• Comment your code for clarity
• Practice small projects daily
• Learn by building interactive features

Conclusion

By following this tutorial and practicing the examples, you'll gain a solid foundation in JavaScript and be ready for intermediate topics like ES6+, asynchronous programming, and frontend frameworks.

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